By Tekeleselassie W.
Introduction
The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church, one of the oldest Christian institutions in the world, faces repeated attacks despite constitutional guarantees of religious freedom. Orthodox Christians in Ethiopia have been targeted in several regions of Oromia, including East Wollega, East Arsi, Merti, and Sherka.
These attacks have been documented through local media, social media, and church statements, including visual evidence of burials and community mourning ceremonies. Such public documentation underscores the severity of these events.
Constitutional Obligations and State Responsibility
The Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia guarantees the right to life, equality before the law, and freedom of religion. Additionally, Ethiopia is a signatory to international agreements such as the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights, which obligate the state to ensure that religious communities can practice their faith freely and without fear of violence.
Major Attacks on Orthodox Christians (2018–2026)
- Since Abiy Ahmed came to power in 2018, attacks against followers of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church have steadily increased across the country. Multiple reports indicate a worrying pattern of violence over the past several years:
- March 2021, Abo Church (East Wollega): Approximately 30 civilians, including women and children, were reportedly killed, and others abducted.
- January 2022, Addis Ababa: During a religious celebration, at least 10 worshippers were reportedly killed, with several others injured.
- 2023, Metehara: Pilgrims returning from a church feast were attacked, leaving approximately 8 people dead. Later that year, killings and looting occurred at Ziquala Monastery, resulting in about 12 fatalities into early 2024.
- March 2024, Dodola (East Arsi): Clergy and family members were reportedly killed, totaling around 15 fatalities.
- October 2025, Merti and Sherka: Large-scale assaults resulted in at least 25 civilian deaths.
- Early 2026, East Arsi: Further escalation included incidents in March 2026 where more than 21 Orthodox Christians were killed, homes burned, and people abducted.
These figures reflect only publicly reported cases; the actual number of victims may be higher. Many incidents, particularly in remote areas or during times of instability, remain undocumented.
The brutality of these attacks has had profound psychological effects on survivors and communities. Families who lose loved ones, those displaced, and those living in fear of repeated attacks suffer long-term emotional stress, anxiety, and trauma, making the impact not only physical but also psychological and social.
Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International have documented a consistent pattern of violence in Oromia, particularly in Arsi and neighboring zones. Civilians, including ethnic Amhara and Ethiopian Orthodox Christians, have been affected. Both government security forces and armed groups have been implicated in serious human rights violations, including extrajudicial killings, abductions, and forced displacement.
Observed Government Inaction
The repeated lack of preventive measures, slow responses, and limited transparency in investigations highlight serious gaps in protection, leaving communities vulnerable to repeated attacks. Delayed responses, lack of intervention, and, in some cases, possible tolerance or complicity suggest that the government has failed to uphold its duty to protect citizens.
Observers note that, given the government’s effectiveness in suppressing other forms of dissent, the repeated attacks and subsequent silence raise serious concerns. There is growing suspicion that this silence may be deliberate, possibly intended to divert public attention from the situation on the ground.
Diaspora Advocacy and International Response
The Ethiopian Orthodox diaspora has actively sought to raise awareness about these attacks. Both organized groups and individuals have worked to advocate for protection and accountability. However, these efforts often face challenges, including community divisions, mistrust, political influence, and limited experience in advocacy or global outreach.
To improve effectiveness, diaspora groups must focus on unity, coordination, and consistent messaging. Advocacy efforts should rely on verifiable evidence and clear communication to influence decision-makers, international organizations, and the media.
Conclusion
The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church remains central to Ethiopia’s religious and cultural heritage. Protecting clergy, worshippers, and religious institutions is integral to upholding constitutional rights.
This article presents fact-based, verifiable accounts of recurring attacks, abductions, and killings, alongside observed government inaction, highlighting the urgent need for stronger protection measures and accountability.
Editor’s Note : Views in the article do not necessarily reflect the views of borkena.com
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