 reflects both economic realities...Read.){kind=link}
Author: Caleb Ta. (Dr.)
Independent Researcher in African Political Affairs; Human Rights Advocate
Abstract
This article examines Ethiopia’s deepening diplomatic isolation following the U.S. Department of State’s 2025 Investment Climate Statement on Ethiopia. Amid mounting international criticism and ongoing human-rights violations, unverified reports allege that Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed is actively pursuing informal mediation through three influential figures—Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan (UAE), Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, and Reverend Franklin Graham, son of Bill Graham —to appeal to U.S. President Donald Trump. These figures are reportedly considering participation; however, the proposed mediation would serve the regime’s interests rather than the Ethiopian people, who continue to suffer widespread atrocities. The article critically analyzes this alleged mediation, emphasizing the moral responsibility of these figures not to legitimize or intervene on behalf of a government accused of systematic violence. The study situates Ethiopia’s foreign policy challenges within broader regional tensions and highlights the symbolic and strategic significance of personal diplomacy in a time of international estrangement.
Keywords: Ethiopia, Abiy Ahmed, diplomacy, U.S.-Ethiopia relations, Horn of Africa, mediation, human rights
Introduction
Since assuming power in 2018, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed’s administration has projected a vision of transformation grounded in economic reform, peacebuilding, and Pan-African leadership. Early accomplishments, including the 2018 rapprochement with Eritrea, earned Abiy international praise, culminating in his 2019 Nobel Peace Prize. However, by late 2025, Ethiopia faces mounting internal unrest, human-rights violations, and eroding international credibility (Freedom House, 2025).
The U.S. Department of State’s 2025 Investment Climate Statement (2025) highlights systemic corruption, foreign-currency shortages, and regulatory inconsistency as major deterrents to foreign investment, marking a pivotal turning point in Washington’s assessment of Ethiopia. In this context, diaspora media and informal networks report that Prime Minister Abiy is actively seeking to engage three influential figures—Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, and Reverend Franklin Graham —to mediate with U.S. President Donald Trump. While unverified, this narrative provides insight into Ethiopia’s shifting diplomatic strategies and challenges of legitimacy.
Ethiopia and the United States: From Partnership to Estrangement
Historically, Ethiopia and the United States maintained strong ties, particularly in counterterrorism and regional security initiatives (Washington Post, 2025). However, since 2020, U.S.-Ethiopia relations have deteriorated sharply due to human-rights abuses, restrictions on press freedom, and opaque fiscal management (Human Rights Watch, 2025).
The 2025 Investment Climate Statement underscores Ethiopia’s challenges: “Ethiopia remains one of the most challenging environments for investors in sub-Saharan Africa,” citing bureaucratic hurdles, foreign-currency shortages, and restrictions on foreign banks (U.S. Department of State, 2025, p. 3). Investor confidence has waned, fueling speculation that Washington may recalibrate aid and security commitments (Clingendael Institute, 2025).
Ethiopian officials, however, denounced the report as “politically influenced” and “unrepresentative of ongoing reforms,” pointing to liberalization measures in telecommunications and finance. Despite such assurances, Ethiopia’s diplomatic credibility remains fragile.
Three Influential Figures: Mediation or Moral Dilemma?
Recent reports suggest that Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed is actively pursuing a plan to engage three influential figures—Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, and Reverend Franklin Graham—as mediators to appeal to U.S. President Donald Trump. According to the sources, these figures have reportedly agreed to participate. However, the proposed mediation would serve the interests of the Ethiopian regime rather than the Ethiopian people, who continue to endure widespread atrocities, including drone strikes, aerial bombardments, heavy machine-gun attacks, and targeted violence against civilians, schools, hospitals, churches, mosques, and marketplaces.
From a moral and humanitarian perspective, these influential figures should not act as messengers for a government responsible for systematic violence against its own population. To do so would risk legitimizing atrocities and undermining both ethical principles and international human-rights norms. The request to mediate highlights Ethiopia’s strategic desperation but also poses a moral test for those with the power to influence global opinion and policy.
Regional Tensions and Strategic Isolation
Ethiopia’s challenges extend beyond U.S. relations. In October 2025, Ethiopian state media accused Eritrea of mobilizing troops along the northern border and supporting opposition groups (Al Jazeera, 2025). Eritrea denied the claims, labeling them “provocative and baseless.” Analysts warn that Ethiopia’s pursuit of Red Sea access, particularly through the 2024 memorandum of understanding with Somaliland, could trigger broader regional confrontations (Clingendael Institute, 2025).
Meanwhile, internal displacement, human-rights abuses, and internet shutdowns persist (Human Rights Watch, 2025; Freedom House, 2025). Combined, these factors contribute to Ethiopia’s diplomatic isolation and a perception of reactive, ad hoc foreign-policy management.
Analysis: Symbolism, Legitimacy, and the Crisis of Diplomacy
Whether rooted in fact or in rumor, the narrative of the three influential figures highlights the symbolic aspects of Ethiopia’s diplomatic approach. The purported outreach to foreign leaders wielding economic, geopolitical, and moral authority points to a strategy that favors personal connections over formal institutional channels. Regardless of its veracity, the incident illustrates the growing mistrust between Ethiopia and its Western partners and casts doubt on Abiy Ahmed’s standing as a reform-minded leader and Nobel laureate. More importantly, it raises pressing ethical questions about the role of international actors when solicited to intervene on behalf of a government accused of committing mass atrocities.
Conclusion
Ethiopia stands at a pivotal diplomatic crossroads. The U.S. Investment Climate Statement (2025) reflects both economic realities and Washington’s declining confidence in Addis Ababa’s governance. The alleged plan to involve three influential figures—whether executed or not—exposes the regime’s desperation and a broader crisis of legitimacy.
To restore credibility, Ethiopia must move away from personalized, ad hoc diplomacy and commit to transparent, institutional engagement rooted in rule of law, human rights, and multilateral cooperation. Failure to do so risks deepening Ethiopia’s geopolitical isolation in an already unstable Horn of Africa.
Ultimately, the moral responsibility lies with international leaders: they should not mediate on behalf of a government responsible for systematic violence against its own people. Upholding justice, human rights, and ethical principles must guide all diplomatic engagement in the region.
Editor’s Note : Views in the article do not necessarily reflect the views of borkena.com
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Trump was in Cairo today and Al Sisi did not waist time to remind Trump of his $10mil donation for 2016 Trump’s 1st election bid, and to try make Trump chime in Sisi’s attempt to ‘reviving’ an already ended and buried GERD-Pre-filling dispute.
Regardless of the political maneuverings of Egypt, Ethiopia must close the GERD chapter for good and move on to the most important and pressing home-grown self-financing development issues forward, with less focus in foreign-investment that requires ‘ares-kissing’ using ‘influential figures’, especially where it involves psychopath like Trump.
Most Ethiopian-diaspora in the US, particularly those with limited research exposure ( one-sided pro US views) regarding US’s (zero-sum-game) foreign-policy might not see the hidden-agendas that are harmful in the long-run. As the well known US foreign-policy-adviser to many presidents as well State Sec. Henry Kissinger said ” “It may be dangerous to be America’s enemy, but to be America’s friend is fatal,” is a time tested confession; that needs to be taken to heart.
Her is my favorite researcher, former US marine Brian Berletic’s ( “The New Atlas’) research piece on Russia Ukraine issue vs Trump
. What is very important ( take home item) is, the deep resource material /references he provides to support his analysis; for people to do their own research /’deep dive’ .
” NEW VIDEO: Tomahawks & Refinery Strikes: US Escalates its Proxy War on Russia”
Link = youtu.be/33aosa7tH20?si=UVoZzMb4Lpa2txgQ
His resource materials: ( also found in the ‘Video description’)
“The Trump administration is continuing the US proxy war with Russia through Ukraine right where the previous Biden administration left off;
Not only has the Trump administration failed to end the conflict as it campaigned on doing so “within 24 hours,” it has begun a process of escalation, division of labor, and strategic sequencing targeting Russian allies Iran and China as well;
US Tomahawk cruise missiles are still being considered for deployment to Ukraine;
The most likely platform for launching them would be the Lockheed Long Range Fires (LRF) launcher abandoned by the US Marines in 2023 but still under consideration by the US Army;
Working examples of this platform exist and would provide sufficient mobility for Ukraine-based Tomahawk strikes on targets across Russia;
The missiles would likely be used to expand an already ongoing US-directed campaign targeting Russian energy production which US Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth announced would be pressured as early as February 2025;
The US and Europe are preparing the European public for a wider and more dangerous role in the ongoing conflict as Europe will be needed to fill the void Ukraine’s collapsing fighting capacity is leaving;
The US is and will continue to extend its campaign of political subversion, economic sanctions and tariffs, as well as encouraging US client states to begin seizing Chinese assets and ramping up for proxy and even direct war and blockades on China just as it has been vis-a-vis Russia;
References:
ABC News – Trump admin approves new sale of anti-tank weapons to Ukraine (2019):
abcnews.go.com/Politics/trump…
BBC – Trump says he may send Tomahawk missiles to Ukraine (Oct. 13, 2025):
bbc.com/news/articles/c93…
TWZ – Marines’ Tomahawk Missile Launching Drone Truck Breaks Cover (2023):
twz.com/marines-tomahawk-…
TWZ – Marines Axe Adoption Of Ground-Launched Tomahawk Cruise Missile (Jul. 2025):
twz.com/land/marines-axe-…
Naval News – U.S. Army Resurrects Cancelled Marine Corps Tomahawk Launcher for Live Fire Test in 2026 (Sep. 2025):
navalnews.com/naval-news/…
Telegraph – Trump shares US intelligence to aid Ukraine strikes on Russian energy sites (Oct. 12, 2025):
telegraph.co.uk/world-new…
BBC – Surge in Ukrainian attacks on oil refineries sparks Russian fuel shortages (Oct. 2, 2025):
bbc.com/news/articles/czx…
US DoD – Opening Remarks by Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth at Ukraine Defense Contact Group (As Delivered) Feb. 2025):
war.gov/News/Speeches/Spe…
NYT – The Spy War: How the C.I.A. Secretly Helps Ukraine Fight Putin (2024):
nytimes.com/2024/02/25/wo…
NYT – The Partnership: The Secret History of the War in Ukraine (Mar. 2025):
nytimes.com/interactive/2…
NYT – How a Top Secret SEAL Team 6 Mission Into North Korea Fell Apart (Sep. 5, 2025):
nytimes.com/2025/09/05/us…
Newsweek – JD Vance Floats Donald Trump Deal To End War in Ukraine (Sep 2024):
newsweek.com/jd-vance-flo…
Newsweek – JD Vance Tells Tim Dillon US Needs Weapons To Fight China, Not Russia (Oct. 2024):
newsweek.com/jd-vance-tim…
Politico – Dutch government seizes control of Chinese-owned chipmaker Nexperia (Oct. 13, 2025):
politico.eu/article/dutch…
US Naval War College Review – A Maritime Oil Blockade Against China—Tactically Tempting but Strategically Flawed (2018):
digital-commons.usnwc.edu/cgi…
Irrawaddy – China-Backed Pipeline Facility Damaged in Myanmar Resistance Attack (2022):
irrawaddy.com/news/burma/…
Where to Find My Work:
Website: landdestroyer.blogspot.com/
Telegram: t.me/brianlovethailand
Twitter: / brianjberletic
Rumble (YouTube alternative): rumble.com/c/c-1459863
How to Support my Work (and thank you!):
Buy Me A Coffee: buymeacoffee.com/TheNewAtlas”
– In fact, many researchers use Brian’s ‘research techniques’ to find hidden information many have hard time finding on their own…
– He is well versed with US Military activities world wide, military equipment of all kinds, all the ‘think thanks’ , ‘Polity makers’, and their research and policy papers, where and how to locate them , the ‘funders-information’ all and everything a researcher needs to access…
I cannot recommend his work enough… #1 “go to place’ for any political / military researcher.
Be well
Regarding the new Egypt & Sudan recent ‘FLOOD’ complaints, the Ethiopian (Gov.) ‘Water Resources Minister’ should take the comment positively, all they are saying is CREATE MORE WATER RESERVOIRS in the Ethiopian DRY reasons to offset the extra water that is flooding Sudan possibly Egypt can be averted in the future ( starting the coming rainy season).
Thai is a positive development, and the Ethiopian Gov. should have foreseen it coming, since they are first to know the increase in RAIN activity at this time of the year and the solution is so obvious and advantageous for Ethiopia to DIVERT this EXCESS water to its ‘water deprived areas’, TO ACCOMPLISH THIS man-made water-canals that connect several strategically built LAKES ( WATER RESERVOIRS) throughout the country must be built. Start in the area surround TANA lake, and expand by deploying several CONTROLLED-water-releasing-valves from the NEW lake created by GERD, and expand that in the coming years…
That is simple to do and economically advantageous & catalyst for FOOD-SELF-SUFFICIENCY the nation so desperately NEEDS.
All Al-sisi is saying is, the water coming from the GERD turbines is sufficient for the down stream countries, & they do not want the excess water coming during the RAINY SEASON; and Ethiopia’s response should be ‘it will be taken care of’ excess-water mitigation strategy will be put in place first to reduce it and in the future to completely put it under control.
There are many cities ( including Addis) that ave chronic water supply systems, this winter-water conservation LAKES could change that at the same time making Sudan & Egypt HAPPY, by taking away the reason for them to make repetitive speeches on the matter; this is not to minimize the suffering seasonal-flooding brings to the people in Sudan, as well as the water-shortage-suffering experienced in many regions in Ethiopia, we can do better within Ethiopia to solving the two problems using one-solution; BUILDING strategically-located artificial LAKES. and the canals that connect them and the ‘water-pumps’ to negate gravity and move water virtually anywhere, WATER is needed.
Avoid becoming part of the ‘problem’, as soon as humanly possible.
Be well
Unless one gifted as a Super-Human Alien Engineer Diverting the excess Nile River water and supplying to Addis residents as a drinking is out of range. Please don’t advise for Mayor Adaneth
“China Is Building the World’s Highest Bridge”
(** By the way, this bridge is already is finished and in service…, this video is a year old….)
Link = youtube.com/watch?v=rwXYj1NalIw
I ma sure we have a lot of young Engineers who would be dream of taking the challenge and make Ethiopia ‘Water washed GREEN’ from North, East, to south ( including Eritrea). (if you can dream it you can build it)…
“Super-Human Alien Engineer” , Being Human is Supper.
“China’s $100BN Himalayan Mega Dam”
link = youtube.com/watch?v=XUnVHWOISfo
Ethiopia can consult with the Chinese engineering firms to do initial ‘project assessment study’ and create a collaboration with local engineering firms , schools, professionals to make Ethiopian-wide-water -conservation-&-irrigation-protect’ a reality as GERD has become.
IT CAN BE DONE.
” If there is a will the is a way.”
Be well.
Here is the problem, we have the land, we have more than enough water, 13 months of Sun-shine, and 130 million heads with no dream. laziness is the enemy.
Find pre1980 Chinese videos, that shows how they make farm land by carving out mountain ranges like a staircase, and in most cases they carry top-soil from valley below to grow food. In Ethiopia rivers cries cross the land and on both side of the diver there are plenty of dry land begging for water and and some seed, and the people are waiting for rain to come, when none they flock to town… There is plenty of underground water, but thought of digging a water well is none existent, I here there were many water wells in Addis before tap water was introduced.
I think developing a “can do attitude’ & the hunger to do so is the missing-link ( not enough dreamers…).
Soon, it will change ( monkey see monkey do get a grip on the population, besides multiplication, ;))
Try your best to encouraging, negativity is like taking 2 steps back… meaning one never gets ahead.
Be well.
As you claimed in your writing an independent African affair analyst. Your articles omitted the Eriterians government deep diplomatic isolation comprared to Ethiopia in many instances. I just have a doubt in your independent validation.
The title of this article begs for something else to be desired… considering ‘the reality on the ground’
“Ethiopia’s Diplomatic Crossroads: U.S. Estrangement…”
let us play with it just for fun ( reality will tell its own story LATER).
Now let us replace Ethiopia ( in the title) with “Easter Europe’ (the WARSAW Pact members) and replace US with USSR Estrangement ( in the late 80’s).
1988/89/90 things were not as usual in the USSR, and in 2020 /21…/25 things have not as usual in the US & EU/UK combo.
By 1991 it was all over for the USSR & WARSAW & Russia emerged fro the ashes of USSR as well more than a handful ‘Republics’ that were part of the USSR, and the Eastern Europeans were in shock not knowing as to what is going to be come of them next. The Berlin Wall came down East Germany reunification started…
The last quarter of 2025 seems to have the similarity of 1990, giving us a hint of what is to come in 2026.
Is it the “U” in the USSR ( the belt that hold it together ) that simply broke 35/36 years ago, if so, the same gradual declining phenomenon we see today in the nations/unions that STRONGLY boast of their “U” might be in danger of facing the inevitable “U” fate that took down the USSR ?
2026 is shaping up to be a pivotal year, in bringing the unexpected & the unthinkable, for one thing the very thing that took down USSR was running out of MONEY, and the existing “U” we mentioned are showing signs dilapidation for a while & more so now; as did the USSR.
With that in mind, (the title) the anxiety the ‘Eastern European’ went through during the LAST DAYS (years) of USSR is not warranted, looking at where they are now and how they got here, because of their association with the wealthier US since.
Well, the table has being turning in the East during the same period, and the #1 economy China (in PPP terms) is the new wealthy ‘brother’ similar to the one Eastern European come to associate with for their economic transformation.
Ethiopia’s fate in that context is already has been in tandem with the Chines economy growth since the early 2000 with double digit growth for many of those years to the current time, so as long as one keeps its distance from a falling TREE, life goes on in many ways than one…
If one is angry at you and you DO NOT KNOW, ( even if you know) it is his/her brain cell that suffers, and it remains there/or gone with it.
Watch these 3 analysts video and the PICTURE i try to pant using past similar event in TIME, make your own mind.
#1)
“Top Venture Capitalists tour China, declare Western energy firms “uninvestable” ”
( An American, in China)
Link = youtube.com/watch?v=PCUnlPJRGY4
*** Here the deeper take away is this “EDUCATION” (STEM) China FOCUSED on QUALITY-education, and it PAID OFF ‘bigly’… Ethiopian Education system should be turned from BARN where children are kept & let go home WITH NOTHING to a PLACE WHERE QUALITY-learning TAKES PLACE. Every one WINS, as shown by CHINA.
#2)
“U.S. Just Caved To China But Threatens Cooking Oil War As EU Demands Chinese Tech Transfer”
Link = youtube.com/watch?v=GaI8Whc3c2A
#3)
“The Brutal Truth About Our Economy In 2026”
Link = youtube.com/watch?v=OIKzZofw4pI
#4)
“Giustra: Reset HAPPENING Right Before Our Eyes, Gold Rockets to $5,000”
Link = youtube.com/watch?v=prI_yrjn7w4
“The times that are the changing”
Link = youtube.com/watch?v=Q9_nWlSX6Us&list=RDQ9_nWlSX6Us&start_radio=1
Be well.
“JP Morgan Issues MEGA Bank Failure WARNING”
Link = youtube.com/watch?v=AZXDuHuW-aw
” JP Morgan’s $3 TRILLION Bombshell—Why YOUR BANK May NOT Be Safe!”
Link = youtube.com/watch?v=Jj2B50xTnLE
Careful !!!
Be well.
‘Rear Earth’, what are they used for, why do you care?
“Trade war explained: The rare earth metals China dominates and US needs”
link = youtube.com/watch?v=vq4eRtwFjIc
Be well.
“How China won the rare earth race against the U.S. | About That”
Link = youtube.com/watch?v=urIuxBlUkSI
If you cannot compete or dominate them , SCARE THEM about future HEALTH issue coming to them… ( as if we saw those outcomes in the 200 years of US & Europe industrial exploitation CARBON EMISSIONS they are responsible for but shrug off…)
Desperation , deception, invasion ( Venezuela’s OIL as we speak)…
To each his own…
Be well.
“Careful what you wish for”
” Trump’s Tariff Backfire: GE CLOSES Plants, Workers Left With NOTHING!”
Link = youtube.com/watch?v=YxDb2mmFuS4
#2) Japan Strikes Back…
“1 MINUTE AGO: Japan Halts Trade with US Until Trump Lifts Tariffs”
Link = youtube.com/watch?v=_fikE7yIXVs
Be well.
“Marshall Plan: The Real Reason America Rebuilt Europe After WW2”
Link = youtube.com/watch?v=w04k5sPBVNE
2024 US denouncing China for “Over capacity” building …vs late 1940’s US “Over Capacity” engineered “Marshal Plan”…for US economic growth /’dumping’ or Exploitation.
“When we do it, it is FINE, but when anyone else NO GOOD.”
Be well
Why AVOIDING being in the PATH of a FALLING TREE is a wise MOVE.
‘China Begins The Unthinkable, US Chip Giant Blasts Washington, Bessent Orders Price Controls’
(= NVIDIA, from 90% CHIP sale to China to 0%)
Link = youtube.com/watch?v=MXW0I4_Hb3Q
#2)
‘U.S. Banking Crisis Incoming – $100 Billion Market Shock and Fraud Reveal Deeper Credit Threats’
Link = youtube.com/watch?v=d6cd_dxteY0
The Powers to be opened Ethiopian Banking Sector for the ‘International Bankers” ( ‘fraudsters’) to build their NEST in the Country to be able ‘SUCK UP’ its wealth… so that they can stay as puppet-leaders.
We have seen this theater play out… in fact, some previously UNKNOWN lady just got her ‘Nobel P. P.’ promising to HAND OVER the OIL & Gold deposits of a NATION (happen to be her birth place) to the FRAUDSTERS.
Be well.
‘China Is Buying Gold & Dumping the Dollar’
Link = youtube.com/watch?v=wg3HFA80d18
Away from ( falling Tree) ASSET ‘Confiscators’, & “Invaders” of sovereign States to LOOT their precious MINERAL DEPOSITS.
Be well.
‘The Banking Crisis Just Got Worse (Defaults Are Rising)’
Link = youtube.com/watch?v=iS__S3GOXXE
#2)
‘Ultimate House of Cards: Hidden $5.1T Debt Bomb Will Dwarf 2008 Crisis’
Link = youtube.com/watch?v=tLkOgeXuJOw
Ernest Hemingway: “How did you go bankrupt? Two ways: Gradually, then suddenly.”
Careful !!!
** By the way, the ‘Bitcoin” comparison with GOLD discussed in the previous video I posted earlier today titled ” ‘China Is Buying Gold & Dumping the Dollar’, and in the first video above, should not be taken as ‘endorsement’ of Bitcoin, I myself do not own Bitcoin.
Be well.
‘ Martin Armstrong: Insider Sources Preparing For BIG Events in MONTHS (here’s what they’re saying)’
Link = youtube.com/watch?v=x-WuqNWgyQ0
“Food self sufficiency…, many died of STARVATION during WWII, than by bullets”
Be well.
‘Ukraine/Trump; Last chance for a deal w/ Brian Berletic (Live)’
Link =.youtube.com/watch?v=2olGf1GUuBg
@55:20 “Noble P. Prize for Brian Berletic…” ?
Brian ” I don’t want it, it is basically the ‘Deep State’s’ seal/stamp of approval, so for Trump claiming that he is fighting the DS if pretty bizarre that he wanted it so badly. I mean, I wouldn’t want anything to do with that at all. because that i mean, look at all the people that have been awarded, it is used to build up the credibility of people who have no credibility so that it helps them perpetuate ‘US and Western hegemony worldwide’. That is what it is.”
Be well.
‘UKRAINE! WHAT NOW? | Trump-Putin summit off | Missiles rain | The ghost of Epstein | MOATS LIVE’
George Galloway
Link = youtube.com/watch?v=uCdkHxc-aZU
Be well.
‘The Rise of the Thelverse & the Surveillance State (w/ Whitney Webb) | The Chris Hedges Report’
Link = youtube.com/watch?v=Um-TVmzzK_g
Be well.
‘Geopolitical Analyst Ben Norton Reveals Truth About Venezuela’
Link = youtube.com/watch?v=Fpvtu1mcBAw
Nobel Prize ‘consideration’ is based on, one or both these main-qualifiers:
* Economic ‘Liberalization’ = Privatization = Wealth transfer from the MANY to the few (thieves)
* Banker Wars = Wealth transfer ( to International Military industrial complex (MIC)) = to bring about endemic poverty, setting the stage for long term extraction of ‘Cheep Natural Resources’.
Be well